Certified Dietary Manager (CDM) Practice Exam

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Which of the following defines chronic diseases?

Diseases linked solely to genetic factors
Degenerative diseases of body organs, often related to diet
Infections that are treatable with antibiotics
Acute illnesses requiring immediate medical care

The correct answer is: Degenerative diseases of body organs, often related to diet

Chronic diseases are often characterized by their long-lasting presence and typically involve gradual degeneration of the body's organs or systems. The correct definition highlights that these diseases are frequently associated with lifestyle factors, including diet and nutrition. Conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, and obesity fall under this category and often arise from a combination of genetics and environmental influences, particularly dietary habits. On the other hand, diseases linked solely to genetic factors would not fully encompass the multifactorial nature of chronic diseases, as these involve an interplay of genetics, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Infections treatable with antibiotics are generally categorized as acute diseases rather than chronic, since they can often be resolved with appropriate medical treatment. Furthermore, acute illnesses requiring immediate medical care typically manifest rapidly and are not necessarily long-term conditions, contrasting sharply with the chronic disease definition that emphasizes persistence and gradual progression.