Certified Dietary Manager (CDM) Practice Exam

What does 'Discrimination' typically refer to?

1. Evaluating employees based on merit

2. Advantage given to certain groups over others

3. Treating individuals based on categories rather than individual merit

4. Affirmative action in hiring practices

The correct answer is: Treating individuals based on categories rather than individual merit

The correct response identifies that 'Discrimination' typically refers to treating individuals based on categories rather than individual merit. This definition captures the essence of discrimination, which involves making decisions about individuals based on preconceived notions about group characteristics—such as age, gender, race, or disability—rather than assessing each person's individual skills, qualifications, and abilities. Discrimination undermines fairness and equality because it allows biases to influence decisions, leading to potentially unjust treatment. For example, in the workplace, a person may be denied a job opportunity not because of their qualifications, but because of stereotypes associated with their demographic group. This understanding is crucial for creating equitable policies and practices within organizations. The other options do not align with the definition of discrimination. Evaluating employees based on merit supports fairness and equal opportunity, while the idea of advantage given to certain groups over others suggests preferential treatment rather than discrimination itself. Affirmative action aims to address historical discrimination and promote inclusivity but is distinct from the concept of discrimination as it is usually implemented to counteract inequities.