Certified Dietary Manager (CDM) Practice Exam

What do decubitus ulcers specifically result from?

1. Inadequate nutrition

2. Prolonged pressure

3. Poor oral hygiene

4. Skin infections

The correct answer is: Prolonged pressure

Decubitus ulcers, also known as pressure ulcers or bedsores, specifically result from prolonged pressure on the skin. When an individual remains in one position for an extended period, particularly in those with limited mobility, the constant pressure can restrict blood flow to the skin and underlying tissues. This insufficient blood flow keeps the tissue from getting enough oxygen and nutrients, leading to tissue damage and ulcer formation. In contrast, while inadequate nutrition, poor oral hygiene, and skin infections may contribute to overall skin health issues and could possibly aggravate existing conditions, they are not the primary causes of decubitus ulcers. It is the sustained pressure that is the most critical factor in the development of these ulcers, particularly over bony prominences such as the heels, hips, and sacrum. Understanding this mechanism helps in implementing preventive measures to protect at-risk individuals from developing these sores.