Certified Dietary Manager (CDM) Practice Exam

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What are complementary proteins?

Proteins that enhance muscle growth
Two or more incomplete proteins that provide essential amino acids
Proteins from both plant and animal sources
Complete proteins from animal sources only

The correct answer is: Two or more incomplete proteins that provide essential amino acids

Complementary proteins refer to the concept of combining two or more incomplete protein sources to create a complete protein that contains all nine essential amino acids necessary for human health. While certain foods, particularly plant-based ones, may lack one or more essential amino acids on their own (making them incomplete), pairing them with other foods can provide a well-rounded amino acid profile. For example, rice is low in lysine but high in methionine, while beans are high in lysine but low in methionine. When consumed together, they complement each other’s amino acid profiles, allowing the body to receive all essential amino acids it needs for various functions, including tissue repair, hormone production, and enzyme activity. This concept is especially important in vegetarian and vegan diets, where individuals must be mindful of protein sources to ensure they get a balanced intake of amino acids.