Certified Dietary Manager (CDM) Practice Exam

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In Congestive Heart Failure, which underlying condition can often be a contributing factor?

Coronary artery disease
Hyperthyroidism
Diabetes mellitus
Pneumonia

The correct answer is: Coronary artery disease

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is frequently a contributing factor in Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) because it can lead to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle, resulting in ischemia and weakening of the heart. Over time, the heart may enlarge and its ability to pump blood effectively diminishes, leading to congestive heart failure. The damage caused by CAD often plays a central role in the development of heart failure, making it a primary risk factor. While hyperthyroidism, diabetes mellitus, and pneumonia can also impact cardiovascular health, they generally do not have as direct a link to CHF as coronary artery disease does. Hyperthyroidism may cause increased heart rate and workload on the heart, but it's not as common a direct contributor to heart muscle damage leading to CHF. Diabetes is a significant risk factor for the development of CAD, indirectly linking it to CHF rather than being a direct cause. Pneumonia may exacerbate existing heart failure but does not typically serve as an underlying condition leading to the development of CHF.